Snell's law applies to the refraction of light in any situation, regardless of what the two media are. This relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction and the indices of refraction of the two media is known as Snell's Law. N r = index of refraction of the refractive medium N i = index of refraction of the incident medium Where Θ i ("theta i") = angle of incidence This general relationship is expressed by the following equation: This study of the refraction of light as it crosses from one material into a second material yields a general relationship between the sines of the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction. Where n material = index of refraction of the material Experimentally, it is found that for a ray of light traveling from air into some material, the following equation can be written. The same pattern would result for light traveling from air into any material. But if the semi-cylindrical dish full of water was replaced by a semi-cylindrical disk of Plexiglas, the constant of proportionality would be 1.51 - the index of refraction value of Plexiglas. Observe that the constant of proportionality in this equation is 1.33 - the index of refraction value of water. The equation relating the angles of incidence (Θ i) and the angle of refraction (Θ r) for light passing from air into water is given as the sine of the angle of refraction is shown below. A plot of the sine of the angle of incidence vs. If two quantities form a straight line on a graph, then a mathematical relationship can be written in y = m*x + b form. If however, the sine of the angle of incidence and the sine of the angle of refraction were plotted, the plot would be a straight line, indicating a linear relationship between the sines of the important angles. Thus, a plot of this data would not yield a straight line. For example, a doubling of the angle of incidence from 40 degrees to 80 degrees does not result in a doubling of the angle of refraction. The data below show a representative set of data for such an experiment.Īn inspection of the data above reveals that there is no clear linear relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction. This process can be repeated until a complete data set of accurate values has been collected. The angle of incidence of the laser beam can be changed to 5-degrees and new measurements can be made and recorded. These two angles can be measured and recorded. The ray of laser light therefore exits at the same angle as the refracted ray of light made at the first boundary. The ray does not refract upon exiting since the angle of incidence is 0-degrees (recall the If I Were An Archer Fish page). At the second boundary, the light ray is approaching along the normal to the curved surface (this stems from the geometry of circles). Once the light ray enters the water, it travels in a straight line until it reaches the second boundary. This ray will refract, bending towards the normal (since the light is passing from a medium in which it travels fast into one in which it travels slow - FST). The angle of incidence can be measured at the point of incidence. Suppose that a laser beam is directed towards the flat side of the dish at the exact center of the dish. To begin, consider a hemi-cylindrical dish filled with water. In this part of Lesson 2, we will learn about a mathematical equation relating these two angles and the indices of refraction of the two materials on each side of the boundary. The more that light refracts, the bigger the difference between these two angles. The focus of Lesson 2 is upon the question of "By how much does light refract when it crosses a boundary?" In the first part of Lesson 2, we learned that a comparison of the angle of refraction to the angle of incidence provides a good measure of the refractive ability of any given boundary. Lesson 1, focused on the topics of "What causes refraction?" and "Which direction does light refract?" In that lesson, we learned that light can either refract towards the normal (when slowing down while crossing the boundary) or away from the normal (when speeding up while crossing the boundary). Refraction is caused by the change in speed experienced by a wave when it changes medium. Refraction is the bending of the path of a light wave as it passes across the boundary separating two media.
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The Dublin TD took to social media on Sunday to voice her frustration with Aer Lingus, which she tagged in the post. Meanwhile, Sinn Féin leader Mary Lou McDonald was left furious on Sunday when her bags went missing at Dublin Airport after a trip to San Francisco, California. It was very stressful and quite difficult to manage.' 'On Saturday night we slept in a cardboard box in the airport and we got the hotel at our own expense. We stayed at the airport for one-and-a-half days before being able to get a hotel and take a flight on Monday at 6.05am. Mr Chanut, 27, said: ''We had to find ourselves a plane to get back to Bordeaux. The pair were forced to pay €500 for another flight for Monday and resorted to sleeping in cardboard boxes at the airport before paying €179 for a hotel and an additional €100 for a taxi on Sunday night. One man from France, Emilien Chanut, told that when his flight from Dublin to Bordeaux was cancelled on Saturday night, he and his father Patrick were left stranded by the airline with nowhere to go. We're out of pocket a lot.'įollowing queries to affected Aer Lingus passengers, Extra.ie received a large volume of emails from people who wanted to share their experiences. Already now it's cost more than €1,700 and we still have to feed ourselves for the next few days - on top of the holiday which was €2,400. We had to get our own accommodation and look around on. 'Then we were told we would have to book our own flight out of here, and they said if you need accommodation you'll have to find it yourself. 'No further information was given to us,' she said. Patrick Chanut resorted to sleeping in a cardboard box at the airport – RTSP, H.264, MPEG4, ONVIF and more video formats Supports optional motion detection per camera to increase recording time. You can search and playback past recordings and export clips to video file. Includes Record Mode which turns any spare Android device into a solid state, battery backed tiny DVR for your IP cameras. With over 1900+ different camera make/models supported, IP Cam Viewer pulls all your video surveillance feeds into one app with matrix view, gallery view, digital zoom mode, home screen widgets, and motion detection sound alerts. Supports SSL, H.264, H.265, MPEG4, RTSP, ONVIF, motion detection, 2-way audio on some cameras, pan/tilt, optical zoom, presets, relay control and digital pinch to zoom. Remotely view and control your IP Camera, DVR, and Network Video Recorder using Android. This includes motion detection sound alerts. New! Background Audio Mode (click Menu in Gallery View) where audio will keep playing even when you switch away to other apps or lock the screen. Allows playback, search, and export to video clip. New! Record Mode that turns any spare Android device into a solid state, battery backed 24/7 network recorder for your standalone IP cameras. Record only when motion is detected in Record Mode. Play sound in viewers when motion is detected. New! Motion Detection built into app works with all cameras. There is even a driver (“IP Cam Viewer Server”) to view app’s video feeds from another mobile device. With access to feeds, you can use the app as a transcoder for all devices it supports by fetching from the web server and uploading to your website. With the built-in web server, I can remotely access the app to change settings and even view feeds. For example, I run the app in record mode on a tablet hung on a wall so it acts as a recorder and display. New! Built-in web server enables remote control of the app for use as video wall and video recorder. – Chrome/Desktop IP Cam Viewer Lite on Chrome / Desktop – Windows Phone Store IP Cam Viewer for Windows Phone 8.1 (I’m working to add missing drivers and features) – Blackberry App World IP Cam Viewer for Blackberry – Android Play Store IP Cam Viewer Basic and IP Cam Viewer Pro – Apple App Store (iOS) IP Cam Viewer Lite and IP Cam Viewer Pro – Android Recommended: IP Cam Viewer Lite APK and Full version on Amazon These are presented and discussed in this contribution. A recently finished ph.d.-study has evaluated the symbolic safety culture approach and found four advantages and two disadvantages. Safety culture is a major issue in accident research. With so many definitions and phases of distance education, this paper only focuses on the delivery mode of distance education (the use of information technology), background, and its disadvantages and advantages for today’s learners.Īdvantages and disadvantages by using safety culture The use of the method of polyfocal transperineal biopsy during the brachytherapy session provides information on the volumetric spread of prostate cancer and adjust the dosimetry plan taking into account the obtained data.ĭistance learning: its advantages and disadvantagesĭistance learning has become popular in higher institutions because of its flexibility and availability to learners and teachers at anytime, regardless of geographic location. These studies of the advantages of high dose brachytherapy lead to the conclusion that this method of radiation treatment for prostate cancer has a favorable advantage in comparison with remote sensing methods, and is competitive, preserving organs in comparison to surgical methods of treatment. This article analyzes the results of prostate brachytherapy. One of the modern methods of preserving organs radiation treatment is brachytherapy. International Nuclear Information System (INIS)īensaleh, Saleh Bezak, Eva Borg, MartinĪdvantages of high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy in treatment of prostate cancer Initial clinical results have shown that the MammoSite device could be used as a sole radiation treatment for selected patients with early stage breast cancer Some BTPS predicted up to 10% higher dose near the balloon surface compared with Monte Carlo calculations using various contrast concentrations (5-25%). Current brachytherapy treatment planning systems (BTPS) do not take into account the increased photon attenuation due to high Z of contrast. The contrast medium inside the balloon causes dose reduction at the prescription point. The available data on the local control achieved with the MSB were comparable with other accelerated partial breast irradiation techniques. There have been very few published data regarding the long term tumour control and cosmesis associated with the MSB. Good-to-excellent cosmetic results are achieved for patients with balloon-skin spacing of =7 mm. The optimal cosmetic results depend on the balloon-to-skin distance. Potential advantages of MSB are: high localised dose with rapid falloff for normal tissue sparing, minimum delay between surgery and RT, catheter moves with breast, improved local control, no exposure to staff, likely side-effects reduction and potential cost/time saving (e.g. This review article presents the advantages, disadvantages, uncertainties and clinical outcomes associated with the MammoSite brachytherapy (MSB). The treatment schedule for the MammoSite monotherapy is 34 Gy delivered in 10 fractions at 1.0 cm from the balloon surface with a minimum of 6 hours between fractions on the same day. The device is placed inside the breast surgical cavity and inflated with a combination of saline and radiographic contrast to completely fill the cavity. The MammoSite radiotherapy system is an alternative treatment option for patients with early-stage breast cancer to overcome the longer schedules associated with external beam radiation therapy. of Radiation Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide (Australia))īackground. Review of MammoSite brachytherapy: Advantages, disadvantages and clinical outcomesĮnergy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)īensaleh, Saleh Bezak, Eva Borg, Martin (Dept.
This could lead to a Banned.Ĩ- Report accordingly and keep this community clean.ĩ- Posts will be treated on a base by base case and handled accordingly.ġ0- Other Questions/Comments/Suggestion, contact the MODs. This includes, "how to" emulation a certain look posts.Ĥ- No blatant low effort self promotion of your channel or website.ĥ- The following links will be removed, short links, affiliated links, blogspam, kickstarters/fund me, and referral links ARE NOT allowed.ħ- Serious discussions only (comments and posts), No Trolling/Spamming. Getting Started with Lightroom CC Lightroom journal updates/latest news Guidelines/Rulesģ- Low effort post will be removed accordingly. As a general rule, all threads need to be about Adobe Lightroom, the Lightroom Mobile App, and within the scope of Lightroom add-ons/plugins/presets. The Clone option copies pixels exactly from another part of the image. Use the Threshold slider to set the sensitivity of the effect to more effectively. Click the Visualize Spots checkbox it’s below the photo in Lightroom Classic CC and in the editing panel in Lightroom CC. In Lightroom CC, select the Healing Brush, or press the H key. Step 1: Create a Blank Layer Step 2: Zoom In Step 3: Select Spot Healing Brush Step 4: Size the Spot Healing Brush Step 5: Choose Brush Type Step 6: Check. Near the top right, select the symbol that looks like a circle with an arrow pointing to the right. In Lightroom Classic CC, select the Spot Removal Tool, or press the Q key. /r/Lightroom is currently undergoing a facelift In Lightroom, the Spot Healing Brush is located in the Develop Module. If you don’t have a ton of under eye issues that need covering this is a nice basic concealer with a good formula. However, the coverage is very sheer for me…it does brighten up the eye area nicely but the coverage seems to blend away easily as I apply. It dries down to a soft finish with a slight dewiness. I didn’t experience any creasing with it either. It’s creamy yet has a thinner formula which applies easily under my drier eyes. The texture is beautiful! It’s super moist so it blends easily under eyes. This concealer is best for aging eyes as it acts more as a serum or an eye cream since it is extra hydrating. According to the brand the cooling tip acts to massage away the look of puffiness and dark circles but I personally have used a ton of products like this and they feel brilliant but aren’t terribly great at eliminating puffiness or even dark circles for that matter!Ĭovergirl Olay the Depuffer Eye Concealer Swatches (Shade: Light Medium) Sure, you can go ahead and smooth it under your eyes for a few strokes but you’ll want to blend this out with your fingers for a perfect finish. However, it’s a bit impratical for concealer application. I think the metal tip is great! It feels cool on eyes and fits the contour of my under eye area perfectly. Covergirl + Olay the Depuffer Eye Concealer is one of several new Summer 2014 product launches from Covergirl that’s launching at drugstores now.Ĭovergirl + Olay the Depuffer Eye Concealer is a really great concealer but it falls victim to the same problems I had recently with the Covergirl Ready Set Gorgeous Concealer.Ĭovergirl + Olay the Depuffer Eye Concealer is fitted with a metal cooling tip applicator much like what you’ll see from products such as Clinique Even Better Eyes Dark Circle Corrector and L�Oreal Revitalift Miracle Blur Instant Eye Smoother. Purchase this component multiple times if you want a larger hall. This seats 16 people at a long table or 30 if smaller tables are used. The marble or parquet flooring provides additional beauty. Busts of prominent heroes throughout history sit near the serving tables that line the walls. Fine artwork lines the walls, and a beautiful chandelier provides plenty of light. The tables are covered with the finest linens, and the guests use the most treasured silverware to eat off the rarest china. An exquisitely carved chair at the head of the table traditionally faces the main entrance to the room, allowing the head of the household full view of the room.Īlternatively, you can furnish the hall with several smaller tables, either round or square, all of comparable quality to a larger one. In some cases, it features a long, polished wooden or marble-topped table stretching from one end of the place to another. This well-appointed room is dedicated specifically for hosting large meals. The walls are adorned with fine art, often of people bathing in large bath houses, in a river or lake, or at a beach.Ī servant keeps the luxury bath clean, and a valet assists the bathers. The dressing table features three gilt-framed mirrors and the finest in grooming products, including aromatic perfumes and gilt-handled brushes. Fine stuffed chairs are scattered about the place. The screen in this bathroom features intricately carved woods and the finest silks. A gilt-framed, three-fold, full-length mirror takes up one corner, and another mirror sits above a gorgeous, polished grooming desk. Servants empty these on a regular basis.Īn intricately carved cabinet holds a variety of thick towels, and a handsome wardrobe full of fine dressing gowns stands nearby. Two chamber pots with padded and upholstered leather chairs are here. The ultimate in bathing luxury, this room features a tub large enough for two or three people to bathe in, plus a large fireplace for heating both the room and the water necessary for a warm bath. Alternatively, up to four alchemists can share this space at the same time, and they each receive a +2 bonus on their Alchemy skill checks. An emergency barrel mounted on a hinged plat-form can be tilted to pour water over a person in case of emergency.Ī single alchemist using this laboratory and having its resources all to themselves receives a +4 bonus on their Alchemy skill checks (including the assistance of a journeyman alchemist). The room includes four basins, each of which has a barrel of water suspended over it, complete with a tap to permit easy access at all times. The floor is made of rough tile, all the easier to clean chemical spills off while not being too slick to cause slips in such situations. The walls of this place are covered with blackboards upon which all sorts of arcane or obscure notes can be scrawled. This includes all the things described above, plus an even broader selection of common ingredients and a larger number of tools. With this laboratory, the alchemist has every tool he might ever need at his ready disposal. For instance, if your stronghold price includes a large percentage of wondrous architecture, you might choose to construct such items separately. The DM may rule that some strongholds shouldn't use this optional rule. Optional Rule: For every 10% extra that is spent, it takes 10% less time to build, up to a maximum of a 70% "rush charge" to get the castle built in 30% of the usual time. More wall details can be found on our walls page.īuild Time: Building a stronghold takes one week per 10,000 gp of total price (if materials and laborers are readily available). You can select alternative materials from the cost modifiers below. If other materials are used, additional fees can be incurred. Below ground walls are made of hewn stone at no extra cost. Walls: Structures above ground are constructed with wooden walls by default, at no extra cost. but two units can be combined to produce an 800 square foot tavern seating 30 people and the tavern can be made more serviceable by adding a kitchen and additional storage area). Many of these components are individual rooms, but some may be combined to build larger structures (for example, the Basic Tavern is about 400 square feet and can seat around 15 people. The choice of components dictates the purpose of the stronghold, whether it's a palatial home, military fortress, or arcane nexus. This page is useful for building a stronghold room-by-room, or for adding rooms to an existing structure.īelow are the various rooms and components. Boarding and deboarding passengers, including ticket sale and validation check. “At the beginning of the Early Access The Bus will include the bus line TXL and an articulated and a solo bus in Singleplayer Freeplay mode with a Line Editor and Route Editor. What is the current state of the Early Access version? And generate income via ticket sales.īasically, you will probably get the full and complete game at the very end of the Early Access before the Gold Master of The Bus goes into production for retail shipping.” Maintain and repair the vehicles of your fleet. Including passenger transport with ticket sale and validation check.Įconomy mode will enable you to create your own bus company. Modding tools based on Unreal Engine 4 Game Editor will be available for content creators to share their mods via Steam Workshop.įreeplay and Economy game modes will be available in Singleplayer and Multiplayer.įreeplay mode will enable you to drive each of the bus lines at any time of the year with the vehicle of your choice. In-game Editors will enable you to create and edit bus lines, routes, tours and more. “The release version of The Bus will contain the bus lines TXL, 100, 200 and 245 and multiple variants of busses from various brands. How is the full version planned to differ from the Early Access version? This will probably take roughly 8 to 16 months of iterations and development.” “ The Bus will go through different phases which will add more features, content and polishment until it is ready for release. So, you can already play and follow the ongoing development hands-on.”Īpproximately how long will this game be in Early Access? “We want to enable our community to join early in the development of our upcoming new simulation, The Bus, to ensure a great and satisfying experience on its final and official release. They make good use of the Wiimote and nunchuk. The games can be played alone, but they're really meant to be party games, and are hilarious with a group of up to 8 people by passing the controls or up to 4, each with their own controls. This game incorporates the use of the balance board in some of the more than 50 mini games. Those crazy Raving Rabbids are taking over the TV airwaves. If you've never played a Rayman Raving Rabbids game you won't believe the level of goofiness and fun involved in these games. If you haven't tried a Rabbids game yet, this one be the one to try. It would be tough to appreciate some of the humor if you were under 7. I'd rate this as a good game for everyone over 7. It made him happy just hearing us have so much fun and then he joined in too. The first day we played it, her husband woke to the sound of us giggling downstairs having a wonderful time. There are too many stations and games to list them all but this is not only her favorite rabbid game but also her new favorite wii game. All the games are themed by tv show and network so there's Macho TV (with a motorcycle driving game and loads of other games too), a station with extreme sports which contains sledding on ice on the back of a cow to do tricks and hit targets, and of course the rabbid singing and dancing games too. As you beat games you unlock more days, timeslots and minigames. There are 7 days worth of "tv programming" with each day having at least 7 timeslots and every timeslot contains 8 games. Instead of telling a story (rabbids I) or traveling the globe (rabbids II), the rabbids have taken over the tv. This game is a similar setup but the theme is different. Both games are set up as a set of minigames suitable for individual or party play. More than 50 mini-games are available across seven channels, from Trash TV and Extreme Sports to Macho TV and Cult Cinema.Īfghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan Republic, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde Islands, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon Republic, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Uganda, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City State, Vietnam, Wallis and Futuna, Western Samoa, Worldwide, Zambia, Zimbabwe Four players can compete simultaneously, and up to eight are supported in a special turn-based mode. Other activities range from a Tetris-variant, where the Wii Remote is used to bend Rabbids into shapes, and a dancing rhythm game that involves following onscreen cues to songs like "ABC," "Jungle Boogie," and "Ladies Night." Also included are first-person shooting stages inspired by the film, Night of the Living Dead. Those without a Wii Balance Board won't have to miss out, as the accessory is optional. Players will sit on the board to race on a snow-capped mountain, stand on it to mimic exercise poses, go surfing in space, and more. New to this installment is support for the Wii Balance Board in addition to the system's standard motion-driven controls. Once again Wii owners will partake in themed activities that poke fun at television, movies, and other aspects of pop culture. Ubisoft's dim-witted, unhinged rabbits are back for more madcap mini-game merriment in Rayman Raving Rabbids: TV Party. |
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